[The salivary factors related to caries and periodontal disease in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the salivary factors related to caries and periodontal disease and to analyze the risk of caries and periodontal disease in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus. METHODS: The study comprised 30 children with diabetic mellitus, aged 7-15 years old, and 60 healthy age-and gender-matched children. Caries and periodontal indexes were recorded and saliva related factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Caries indexes of diabetes children [permanent teeth: decay missing filling tooth (DMFT) M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 4), deciduous teeth: decay missing filling tooth (dmft) M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 1)] were not significantly different with those of healthy children [DMFT M (Q1,Q3) = 1(0, 3), dmft M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 4)], but plaque index (PLI) (1.25 +/- 0.33) and bleeding index (BI) (0.74 +/- 0.45) of diabetes children were significantly higher than those of healthy children (PLI was 0.93 +/- 0.31,BI was 0.34 +/- 0.22) (P < 0.001). Salivary pH of diabetes children (7.68 +/- 0.36) was significantly higher than that of healthy children (7.30 +/- 0.32) (P < 0.05), and salivary acid buffering capacity had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Salivary glucose, immunoglobulin sIgA and sIgG were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05).Salivary lysozyme of diabetes children was significantly higher than that of healthy children (P < 0.05). Total protein was significantly lower in diabetes children than in healthy children (P < 0.05). Salivary lactate dehydrogenase had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes mellitus can lead to the changes of some salivary factors related to gingivitis in diabetes children. Children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus may have a higher risk of periodontal disease.