Analysis of Effectiveness of Different Rotational Instruments in Implantoplasty: An In Vitro Study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the temperature increase in the implant, adjacent bone, procedure time, and roughness provided by different rotatory instruments in the implantoplasty procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three types of rotational instruments were used to evaluate the implant surface wear, divided according to their surface features: Group 1 (G1) diamond, Group 2 (G2) tungsten carbide, and Group 3 (G3) multilaminar. For the roughness test, a control group was included for comparison with the test groups. RESULTS: The temperature variation was statistically significant in the implant (P < 0.05) where G2 showed the lowest variation. There was no statistically significant difference between the 3 groups regarding the temperature increase measured in the bone (P > 0.05). The difference of wear time was statistically significant (P < 0.05) with faster results for G3. In the surface roughness analyses, there was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the control group and the test groups. Among the 3 test groups, the difference between measurements was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: All tested rotatory instruments performed the same level of surface roughness in the implantoplasty. The tungsten carbide bur caused a minor change in the implant temperature. The multilaminar bur performed a faster wear time. More in vivo studies are necessary to conclude which is the best rotatory instrument for implantoplasty.