Fetuin-A, serum amyloid A and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in periodontal health and disease.

OBJECTIVES: This study is evaluating fetuin-A, serum amyloid A (SAA) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum samples in periodontal health and disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 periodontal health (n = 20), Group 2 gingivitis (n = 20) and Group 3 chronic periodontitis (CP) (n = 20). GCF and serum samples were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. RESULTS: SAA and TNF-alpha levels in GCF and serum were significantly higher in patients with gingivitis and CP compared with controls (P < 0.016). Contrarily, fetuin-A levels in GCF and serum were significantly higher in controls than in patients with gingivitis and CP (P < 0.016). In CP group, a significant correlation was observed between GCF-SAA amount and the number of sites with 4 </= PPD </= 5 mm (P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between GCF-fetuin-A levels and the number of sites with PPD >/= 6 mm (P < 0.05). GCF-TNF-alpha was found to have a significant relationship with the number of sites with 4 </= PPD </= 5 mm and PPD >/= 6 mm (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, serum and total levels of SAA significantly increased, whereas fetuin-A levels significantly decreased, with increasing severity of PD.