Evaluation of signs, symptoms, and occlusal factors among patients with temporomandibular disorders according to Helkimo index.

Objective: This study sought to assess the clinical signs and subjective symptoms of TMD, including the occlusal condition. Methods: Recruited individuals included 123 patients (58 men, 65 women) aged 15 to 65 years (mean 38.6 years) who had been referred to the TMD department. Helkimo dysfunction, occlusal, and anamnestic indices were used to assess signs of TMD, occlusal condition, and symptoms, respectively. Relationships of occlusal factors with signs and symptoms of TMD were evaluated by Spearman's correlation test. Associations of TMD with sex and age distributions were assessed by Mann-Whitney and Spearman's test, respectively. Results: The prevalence of signs and symptoms was as high as 75%. Occlusal factors had significant associations with signs and symptoms of TMD. Conclusion: Prevalence of TMD in the study population was high, without preference for age or sex. Occlusal factors may play a role in the etiology of TMD.