The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on increasing salivary flow rate in hemodialysis patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) program for hemodialysis on patients' dry mouth and salivary flow rates. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A single-blinded repeated measures study design was used. A total of 80 subjects were randomly assigned to a treatment group receiving a 250 micros; 50 Hz TENS program and a control group receiving a 50 micros; 2 Hz TENS program at acupoints ST 6 and TE17 three times a week for 3 weeks. Whole salivary flow rate and dry mouth intensity were measured totally five times for both groups, at pretreatment, after three, six, nineTENS sessions, and 1 week after the treatment was completed. RESULTS: After six TENS sessions were completed, whole salivary flow rates increased stably until the end of nine TENS sessions for the treatment group. In the follow-up week after treatment, there was significant increase as well. However, significant improvement in dry mouth intensity was observed at all post-tests than that at pretreatment in both groups. CONCLUSION: Whole salivary flow rates and improvement in dry mouth intensity were only observed during and 1 week after the TENS sessions. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether this method can offer a long-term effective nonpharmacological therapy for dry mouth-disturbed hemodialysis patients.