Prevalence of pulp stones: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: During the last years, different prevalences of dental pulps had been reported from different parts of the world. Combining these original estimates will provide useful information for policymaking in the field of health, treatment and research. This study aims to estimate the global prevalence of pulp stones. METHODS: Electronic databanks such as PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, Cochrane, and also Google scholar motor engine were searched by 2 researchers using related keywords. The heterogeneity between the results was assessed using Cochrane and I(2) indices. The initial estimates were represented by forest plot and were combined according to random effects models. Factors responsible for heterogeneity were investigated using meta-regression models, and studies responsible for heterogeneity were assessed following sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Prevalence of pulp stones had been reported in 16 studies including 14 093 subjects. The pooled prevalence (95% confidence interval) of pulp stones among the total population, men and women were estimated as of 36.53% (27.17-45.88), 32.58% (24-41.15), and 39.23% (28.73-49.73), respectively. In addition, of 193 687 teeth investigated during the primary studies, 9.57% (95% confidence interval: 7.05-12.08) were affected by pulp stones. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis shows a considerable prevalence of pulp stones, especially among women.