Association between epilepsy and oral maxillofacial trauma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

A systematic literature search was conducted (through April 2017), using Web of Science, PubMed and Virtual Health Library, manual reference list, and grey literature searches. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The meta-analysis was performed using R software. A total of 30 studies was included in this review. From a total of 25 studies included in the meta-analysis, the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial injuries among epileptic subjects was 19%. Among the epileptic patients who suffered some type of injury due to epileptic seizures, 52% had facial soft tissue injuries (95%CI: 28-75%), 18% suffered dental trauma (95%CI: 11-29%), and 12% (95%CI: 4-28%) suffered maxillofacial fractures. Epileptic patients were more likely to have oral and maxillofacial injuries than healthy individuals (OR: 5.22, 95%CI: 2.84-9.36) and subjects with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.28-5.99), but not than patients with special needs (OR: 2.45,95%CI: 0.95-6.31).