Impact of Weight Reduction on Adiponectin and TNF-alpha Levels in the Gingival Crevicular Fluids of Obese Patients with and without Periodontal Disease.

AIM: The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of weight loss on the gingival crevicular fluids (GCF) levels of adiponectin and TNF-alpha in obese patients with periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty obese subjects were recruited into the study and were divided into three groups of 20 each. Group 1-periodontally healthy obese patients, group 2-obese patients with gingivitis, group 3-obese patients with periodontitis. The GCF levels of adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were evaluated using ELISA, and the same was correlated with the probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) at baseline and after attainment of >/=10% weight reduction. RESULTS: Reductions in body weight resulted in elevated adiponectin and reduced TNF-alpha levels in the GCF. Adiponectin levels showed significant positive correlations and TNF-alpha negative correlation with improved periodontal parameters. CONCLUSION: Weight reduction has an impact on obesity-related inflammatory changes on periodontal disease. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Obesity can be a potential risk factor for periodontitis, weight reduction measures can considerably reduce the inflammatory burden on the periodontium.