Evaluation of Periodontal Status after Orthodontic Treatment: A Pilot Study on Patients with Stage IV/Grade C periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the periodontal status was affected in patients with stage IV/grade C periodontitis after orthodontic treatment. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with stage IV/grade C periodontitis who received combined periodontal and orthodontic treatment were included in this study. Probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and percentage of relative bone height (RBH%) were measured and calculated. Parameter changes before and after orthodontic treatment, and their differences between teeth adjacent to extraction sites (TAES) and teeth nonadjacent to extraction sites (TNES) were compared. Three-level analysis was performed to test the influential factors of PD and RBH% reduction after orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: No change of PD, BOP% and RBH% was detected after orthodontic treatment. No difference of PD, BOP% and RBH% was detected between TAES and TNES. BOP negative, excessive horizontal overlap, excessive vertical overlap, crowding, PD at T0 (the last periodontal visit before orthodontic treatment) and RBH% at T0 were positively associated with PD reduction after orthodontic treatment. Being female, excessive horizontal overlap, excessive vertical overlap, crowding, PD at T0 and RBH% at T0 were positively associated with a RBH% reduction. Space was negatively associated with a RBH% reduction. CONCLUSION: Periodontal stability can be obtained for patients with stage IV/grade C periodontitis after orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatment with extraction was safe for patients with severe periodontitis, however, attention should be given to TAES.