Alveolar ridge preservation and early implant placement at maxillary central incisor sites: A prospective case series study.

PURPOSE: To assess whether alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with 90% deproteinized bovine bone mineral in a 10% collagen matrix (DBBMC) and resorbable type I/III porcine collagen matrix (CM) maintains sufficient bone volume for early implant placement 8-10 weeks after extraction of maxillary central incisors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case series study of 10 consecutively enrolled patients, sockets of maxillary single central incisors requiring extraction and early implant placement were grafted with DBBMC/CM. Ridge dimensions were measured pre-extraction and just prior to implant placement. RESULTS: Alveolar ridge preservation maintained sufficient bone volume for implants to be placed in all sites. Compared to pre-extraction, there was a significant reduction in the orofacial dimensions of the ridge (1.4 +/- 1.07 mm; 13.2% reduction) and bone (0.7 +/- 0.67 mm; 9.3%) at the coronal midfacial region. A significant reduction in apicocoronal height of the crestal bone at midfacial (1.2 +/- 0.78 mm) and palatal aspects was observed. On CBCT, a statistically significant reduction in alveolar ridge area occurred (10.9 +/- 13.42 mm(2) ; 12.2% reduction). To optimize aesthetic outcomes, 9/10 sites required additional low volume grafting at the coronal region, whereas one site required more extensive grafting due to a facial bone dehiscence. At 1-year, the implant survival rate was 100% and median Pink Esthetic Score (PES) was 10 (range 9-13). CONCLUSIONS: ARP using DBBMC/CM maintains sufficient bone volume for early implant placement 8.9 +/- 0.97 weeks later, with a 100% survival rate 1 year after restoration.