BACKGROUND/AIM: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma affects nearly 500,000 people annually. Augmenting PPARgamma functional activation is linked with multiple anti-carcinogenic processes in aerodigestive cell lines and animal models. PPARgamma/RXRalpha heterodimers may be key partners in this activation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CA 9-22 and NA cell lines were treated with the PPARgamma agonist ciglitazone and/or the RXRalpha agonist 9-cis-retinoic acid. PPARgamma functional activation, cellular proliferation, apoptosis activity, and phenotype were subsequently analyzed. RESULTS: Ciglitazone and 9-cis-retinoic acid independently activated PPARgamma and down-regulated the carcinogenic phenotype in vitro. Combination treatment significantly augmented these effects, further decreasing proliferation (p<0.0001), and increasing PPARgamma functional activation (p<0.0001), apoptosis (p<0.05), and adipocyte differentiation markers (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The efficacy of the combination of ciglitazone and 9-cis-retinoic acid afforded lowering treatment concentrations while maintaining desired therapeutic outcomes, optimistically supporting the feasibility and practicality of this novel treatment option.
No clinical trial protocols linked to this paper
Clinical trials are automatically linked when NCT numbers are found in the paper's title or abstract.PICO Elements
No PICO elements extracted yet. Click "Extract PICO" to analyze this paper.
Paper Details
MeSH Terms
Associated Data
No associated datasets or code repositories found for this paper.
Related Papers
Related paper suggestions will be available in future updates.