OBJECTIVES: The pilot study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in treating refractory intestinal Behcet's disease (BD). METHODS: We consecutively enrolled patients with refractory intestinal BD from October 2020 to September 2022. They were treated with baricitinib 2-4 mg daily, with background glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants. Efficacy assessment included the global gastrointestinal symptom scores, the endoscopy scores, the Disease activity index for intestinal Behcet's disease (DAIBD), and the inflammatory parameters. Side effects were recorded. RESULTS: The thirteen patients (six males and seven females) had a median follow-up of eleven months, 76.92% (10/13) patients achieved complete remission of global gastrointestinal symptom scores, and 66.7% (6/9) had mucosal healing on endoscopy. The DAIBD scores decreased significantly, as well as the C-reactive protein level. Baricitinib showed a glucocorticoid-sparing effect, and the safety profile is favorable. CONCLUSION: Baricitinib might be a potential choice in treating refractory intestinal BD.
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