Evidence or else: Concerning trends and the legal risks of unsubstantiated orthodontic-surgical practices.

BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, orthodontics has advanced markedly with digital methods, cutting-edge biomechanics, and 3-dimensional diagnostics. However, the rapid adoption of these innovations without rigorous evaluation of their evidential support has led to new unsubstantiated orthodontic-surgical indications. METHODS: This article explores emerging orthodontic practices, focusing on the interpretation of orthodontic principles and the reliance on imaging-based diagnoses. RESULTS: Strict adherence to mechanistic orthodontic principles and reliance on imaging findings can result in overzealous treatment protocols. It also emphasizes the state of knowledge regarding temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and the lack of consensus and evidence-based guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: There is an urgent need for the profession to integrate TMD knowledge, adopt evidence-based practices, and critically evaluate new methods before implementation. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Orthodontists should move away from outdated mechanistic beliefs and integrate clinical knowledge from TMD research into their practices. Increased awareness and potential legal repercussions may drive a necessary reevaluation and stronger adherence to evidence-based methods.