Horizontal Guided Bone Regeneration of the Posterior Mandible to Allow Implant Placement: 1-Year Prospective Study Results.

OBJECTIVE: Assess whether horizontal ridge augmentation with guided bone regeneration (GBR) using deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), autologous bone, and a resorbable collagen membrane supports successful implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This open, prospective, single-cohort, multicenter clinical study included patients with ridge defects that required GBR prior to implant insertion. The primary endpoint was radiologically assessed bone gain after 8 months post-GBR, measured at the center of planned implant sites. Secondary endpoints included implant survival and success, marginal bone levels (MBLs), MBL changes, and soft tissue health. RESULTS: Of 45 patients evaluated 8 months post-GBR, nine experienced dehiscence in the first 3 weeks of the healing period. GBR led to radiologically determined mean bone width gain of 4.0 +/- 1.5 mm and 4.8 +/- 1.7 mm, measured 1 and 3 mm from the top of the crest, respectively, allowing successful implant placement in 44 patients (97.8%). The cumulative implant survival and success rates were 98.9% and 95.5%, respectively. MBLs were stable: -1.18 +/- 0.64 mm at definitive prosthesis placement (DPP) and - 1.07 +/- 0.74 mm at 1 year. Soft tissue health and esthetics (plaque and bleeding indices, papilla, keratinized mucosa, and pink esthetic score) improved from DPP to 1 year. Patients were highly satisfied with implant function and esthetics, and their oral health-related quality of life improved. CONCLUSIONS: GBR using DBBM and a collagen membrane offered a safe and effective treatment option for horizontal ridge augmentation sufficient to support implant-based tooth rehabilitation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03028922 (registrations sites, as above listed affiliations, first posted January 23, 2017).