The conventional classification of mature B cells overlooks the diversity within IgD(+) CD27(-) naive B cells. Here, to identify distinct mature naive B cells, we categorized CD45RB(MEM55-) B cells (NA RB-) and CD45RB(MEM55+) B cells (NA RB+) and explore their function and localization in circulation and tissues under physiological and pathological conditions. NA RB+ B cells, found in secondary lymphoid organs, differentiate into plasmablasts and secrete IgM. In Sjogren's disease, their numbers decrease, and they show over-activation and abnormal migration, suggesting an adaptive disease response. NA RB+ B cells also appear in inflamed salivary glands, indicating involvement in local immune responses. These findings highlight the distinct roles of NA RB+ B cells in health and Sjogren's disease.
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